The emperor penguin lives in the Antarctic, and is the only one that breeds during the Antarctic winter. It is the tallest and heaviest in the penguin family, as it can be up to 122 cm tall and weigh 45 kg. When hunting, it can remain submerged at around 20 minutes, diving to a depth of 535 meters.

The king penguin is the second largest member. It is found in the South Atlantic and some islands in the South Indian Ocean. How to tell it apart from the emperor penguin? One trick is that their chicks are totally different!

The Adelie penguin is endemic to the coast of the Antarctic continent. It is the most widely spread penguin species, as well as the most southerly distributed of all penguins. It often falls prey to the leopard seal.

The chinstrap penguin inhabits islands and shores in the Southern Pacific and the Antarctic Oceans. Its name stems from the narrow black band under its head, which makes it appear as if it were wearing a black helmet, making it easy to identify, and it has a huge population – eight million!

The gentoo penguin is sometimes wrongly named the Papua penguin, but Papua has no penguins at all. The gentoo penguin lives in Antarctica and is the fastest underwater swimmers of all penguins, able to reach speeds of up to 36 km/h.

The little blue penguin is the smallest as it measures only 33 cm in height. It is found on the coastlines of southern Australia and New Zealand.

The Australian little penguin is often called the fairy penguin because of the small size.

The Magellanic penguin lives in South America. It can be recognized by its red/pink eye circles. The species is classified as threatened, because oil spills happen near their large breeding colonies. Oil spills kill 20,000 adults and 22,000 juveniles every year off the coast of Argentina.

The Humboldt penguin also can be found in South America, mainly Chile. It is also an endangered species threatened by habitat loss.

Endemic to the Galapagos Islands, the Galapagos penguin is the only penguin found north of the equator. It is currently the rarest penguin species. There are fewer than 1,000 breeding pairs of Galapagos penguins in the world.

The African penguin only lives in southern Africa. It is also nicknamed jackass penguin, due to its loud donkey-like calls. Tragically, the noisy little penguin's population is drastically decreasing. It may be extinct in the wild in a few years.

The yellow-eyed penguin is endemic to New Zealand. It is most easily identified by its yellow eyes and eye circles. It is also classified as an endangered species with a population under than 4,000.

This is "Munroe", a male Fiordland Penguin in a zoo in Sydney. Originally from the sub-Antarctic waters of New Zealand, Munroe was discovered washed up on a beach, and suffering from exhaustion and respiratory problems after a 2,000 kilometer swim. He will now be introduced to two female Fiordland penguins at the zoo, in the hope of establishing the first worldwide zoo breeding program for this endangered penguin species.

The Snares penguin is also endemic to New Zealand. It breeds on The Snares, a group of islands off the southern coast of the South Island.

The erect-crested penguin is an endangered species also endemic to New Zealand.

The rockhopper penguin can be found in a variety of islands and coasts in the Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, South America and New Zealand. Some researchers believe the three subspecies of rockhopper penguin should be three individual species. As its name suggests, it usually inhabit rocky shorelines. It is an excellent jumper, able to leap between high rocks.

The royal penguin has the most showy eyebrows in the "yellow eyebrow club".

The macaroni penguin can be found from the Sub-Antarctic to the Antarctic Peninsula. With about 18 million members, it is the most numerous penguin species. And it consumes more marine life annually than any other species of seabird, with an estimated take of 9.2 million tonnes of krill a year.