China Media Group (CMG) presented the top 10 scientific news stories worldwide for 2022 on Friday.

Astronomers around the world, including China, presented the first image of the black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy for the first time on May 12. The black hole – called Sagittarius A*, or Sgr A* – is only the second one ever to be imaged by the Event Horizon Telescope international collaboration.

Scientists from the United States and Japan created the coldest matter in the universe in a lab. They cooled the matter – atoms of the element ytterbium – to within a billionth of a degree of absolute zero (minus 273.15 degrees Celsius), the hypothetical temperature at which all atomic movement would stop. That's about three billion times colder than interstellar space. Related research was published on September 1 in Nature Physics.

China's Tianwen-1 spacecraft development team on September 18 was awarded the World Space Award, the highest award by the International Astronautical Federation (IAF), at the 73rd International Astronautical Congress held in Paris, France. IAF said that the team "offered an innovative option for successful Mars exploration" and made "outstanding contributions" to the advancement of deep space exploration technology.

Major breakthroughs were made in the fidelity of silicon quantum computers. Scientists from the University of New South Wales (UNSW) in Australia, Delft University of Technology in Netherlands and Institute of Physical and Chemical Research in Japan have made important breakthroughs in the development of fault-tolerant quantum computers. 

They demonstrated a two-quantum bit gate fidelity of 99.5 percent, higher than the 99 percent considered to be the threshold for building fault-tolerant computers. Scientists used electron spin quantum bits in silicon, which are promising for large-scale quantum computers. The three papers were published in a row in the journal Nature on January 19.

NASA released a batch of images from the James Webb Space Telescope, also known as JWST or the Webb, showcasing the magnificence of the universe with clarity never seen before on July 12. 

Scientists at the University of Bristol in the United Kingdom have taken a major step forward in synthetic biology. The research, published on September 14 in Nature, showed that progress was made in deploying synthetic cells to more accurately represent the complex compositions, structure and function of living cells.

Scientists on March 31 published the first complete human genome in the journal Science, two decades after the Human Genome Project produced the first draft human genome sequence.

Astronomers precisely mapped out how our Galaxy, the Milky Way, took shape and evolved in its infant and juvenile stages, using the sky survey data obtained by the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope in China and the European Space Agency's Gaia satellite. The study was published on March 23 in the journal Nature.

The first international standard for scenario-based testing of autonomous vehicles, led by China, was released in October. The new International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard was titled Road vehicles – Test scenarios for automated driving systems – Vocabulary.

Using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST), also dubbed "China Sky Eye," an international team led by astronomers from the National Astronomical Observatories under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) discovered and localized an active repeating fast radio burst called FRB 20190520B in a metal-poor dwarf galaxy nearly three billion light-years from Earth. The study was published on June 8 in the journal Nature.

(Cover: Top 10 scientific news in the globe for 2022 presented by CMG. /CGTN's Liu Shaozhen)