The World Health Organization's (WHO) emergency committee on COVID-19 has been holding a meeting since Friday to discuss whether the pandemic still merits the highest level of global alert.

WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus suggested the emergency phase of the pandemic is not over, pointing to surging numbers of deaths and warning that the global response to the crisis "remains hobbled".

"As we enter the fourth year of the pandemic, we are certainly in a much better position now than we were a year ago, when the Omicron wave was at its peak, and more than 70,000 deaths were being reported to WHO each week," he told the committee at the start of the meeting.

Tedros said the weekly death rate had dropped below 10,000 in October but had been rising again since the start of December.

Last week, almost 40,000 COVID-19 deaths were reported, while the true toll "is certainly much higher", he said.

The panel's 14th meeting on the crisis comes nearly three years to the day since it first sounded the WHO's highest emergency alarm.

The independent committee meets every three months to discuss the pandemic and reports to Tedros, who then decides whether it remains an international emergency.

Concern over variants

The WHO director-general said vaccines, tests and treatments had been critical in saving lives, preventing severe disease and easing the pressure on health systems and medics.

"But the global response remains hobbled because in too many countries, these powerful, life-saving tools are still not getting to the populations that need them most – especially older people and health workers," Tedros said.

Public trust in these COVID-19 tools is being undermined by a "continuous torrent" of misinformation and disinformation, he said, while health systems are still struggling to cope with the additional COVID-19 burden.

And in terms of monitoring how the virus is evolving, surveillance and genetic sequencing has dropped sharply, making it harder to track the myriad variants and detect new ones in good time.

The emergency committee meeting, chaired by French doctor Didier Houssin, is scheduled to conclude on Friday, with the outcome issued in the following days.

When the committee last met in October 2022, it concluded that the pandemic still constitutes a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) – the WHO's highest level of alert.

Though declaring a PHEIC is the internationally agreed mechanism for triggering a global response to such outbreaks, it was only after Tedros described the worsening COVID-19 situation as a pandemic on March 11, 2020, that many countries woke up to the danger.

Globally, nearly 665 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 have been reported to the WHO, including more than 6.7 million deaths, though the United Nations' health agency always stresses that the true numbers will be much higher.

Meanwhile, more than 13.1 billion vaccine doses have been administered.

In addition to the COVID-19 crisis, two other WHO-declared PHEICs are currently ongoing – one on poliovirus, first declared in May 2014, and the other on mpox, previously called monkeypox, declared in July last year.