The head of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) said on Sunday that public debt in some Middle East and North Africa (MENA) states is of "concern" and that governments need to build resilience through fiscal policies to protect against shocks in uncertain times.

Kristalina Georgieva, speaking at the Arab Fiscal Forum in Dubai, urged authorities to adopt "robust" fiscal frameworks and address climate change.

The IMF forecast last month that economic growth in MENA would slow to 3.2 percent this year, before ticking up to 3.5 percent in 2024. Inflation was seen surpassing 10 percent in 2023, according to a full copy of Georgieva's speech, published by the IMF.

"Public debt is a concern, especially in countries that are oil importers and that is an issue we will continue to be working on," she told the forum, adding that inflation in the region was "far too high still".

The region needs to boost its average tax-to-GDP ratio to at least 15 percent from the current 11 percent, she said.

"We need at least 15 percent for tax policies to be sustainable. I would argue that we need more... that there is space to double tax revenues," Georgieva said.

The Russia-Ukraine conflict and climate disasters could worsen food shortages for the most vulnerable. Coupled with persistently high unemployment in the region, especially among young people, this posed significant risk to social stability.

Georgieva said the earthquake that hit Türkiye and Syria "brought tremendous tragedy on people but also very significant impact on the Turkish economy".

"So we have to build more resilience to these shocks."

She also called for deeper multilateral cooperation to help countries with unsustainable debt and climate change, as temperatures in the region are warming at twice the speed of the rest of the world.

(Reuters with edits; Cover via CFP)