China firmly opposes the Netherlands' additional export measures for advanced semiconductor manufacturing equipment, which "is an abuse of export control measures and seriously disrupted free trade and international trade rules," a spokesperson of the Chinese Embassy in the Netherlands said in a statement on Friday.

"(A) certain major country... coerced allies to participate in economic containment against China," said the spokesperson. "China will resolutely safeguard its legitimate rights and interests."

This major country has "repeatedly overstretched the national security concept, abused export control measures and viciously blocked and suppressed Chinese companies," according to the spokesperson.

The spokesperson called on the Dutch side to "bear in mind the larger interest of safeguarding international trade rules and bilateral economic and trade cooperation" and "immediately correct its wrongdoings."

The spokesperson emphasized that the Chinese side is also "ready to work with the Dutch side to address the issue based on the principle of mutual benefit, so as to jointly promote the healthy development of Sino-Dutch economic and trade relations."

The new measures require Dutch companies to apply for a license before they can export the machine for the making of advanced semiconductor chips. They are expected to be effective by September.

The number of companies and products affected by the new measures is "limited," according to Liesje Schreinemacher, the Netherlands' trade minister.

Dutch tech giant ASML exports some of the world's most advanced steppers – the machines that build the core chip of today's computers and smartphones – and is the largest tech company in Europe.

Without these steppers, China has to find its own way to build advanced chips. And the U.S.-led West is trying to stop China from doing so.