Chinese experts have discovered and conducted systematic research on diverse glass materials found in the lunar soil brought back by the Chang'e-5 mission, according to the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Physics.

Researchers at the institute comprehensively analyzed the morphology, composition and microstructure of glass substances found in powder samples obtained from the lunar regolith using scanning and transmission electron microscopes.

They discovered diverse glass materials with different physical origins – liquid quenching, vapor deposition and irradiation damage – and constructed a catalog based on that information.

The researchers also found naturally formed glass fibers on the lunar surface for the first time, indicating there is a possibility that the lunar soil can be used to process and produce glass-building materials.

The study has been published in the National Science Review journal.

The Chang'e-5 probe returned to Earth on December 17, 2020, retrieving 1,731 grams of lunar samples, mainly rocks and soil from the moon's surface.