Coral reefs are often referred to as the "tropical rainforests" of the ocean because of their rich biodiversity and critical ecological functions, making them a key component of the global marine ecosystem.

Scleractinia, also known as stony or reef-building corals, are the main builders of coral reefs. They have the ability to secrete calcium carbonate and form hard skeletons that are as hard as stone. This ability makes Scleractinia the primary building blocks of coral reef structures.

Scleractinia are found primarily in tropical and subtropical seas, with around 700 species known to exist worldwide. Their shapes vary greatly and these different types of stony corals together form a complex and diverse coral reef ecosystem.

Coral reefs are not only beautiful, they are also vital to the health of marine ecosystems. They provide habitats and breeding grounds for numerous marine organisms and help to maintain marine biodiversity.

Despite their importance, coral reefs are under serious threat. Climate change has led to rising ocean temperatures and acidification, resulting in frequent coral bleaching events that severely impact the survival of coral species. Human activities such as pollution, overfishing and coastal development also pose significant threats to coral reef ecosystems.

Scleractinia are listed as an endangered wildlife species in need of global protection. In China, they are classified as a second-class protected species. The illegal purchase, transport or sale of these precious and endangered species and their products will be prosecuted.