A new study has found that about one-third of American residents' tap water contains a previously unidentified chemical byproduct formed during the water treatment process using chloramine. Some scientists are concerned that this chemical could be toxic and are actively investigating it.

According to the research results published in the journal Science on Thursday, scientists have confirmed the identity of this substance as "chloronitramide anion," which is produced when chloramine is used to treat water. Chloramine is typically used in municipal water supply systems to kill viruses and bacteria.

Scientists say that while they do not have conclusive evidence that this compound is dangerous, it bears similarities to other worrisome chemicals. Therefore, they believe it warrants further investigation, especially due to its widespread presence.

According to the study, approximately 113 million U.S. residents drink water treated with chloramine from their taps. This chemical byproduct has existed since chloramine began being used, but scientists have only recently been able to determine its structure due to advancements in analysis techniques.

Some scientists point out that it may take years to determine whether this compound is hazardous. Even if a conclusion is ultimately reached, related regulatory measures may take even longer to implement. In the meantime, water utilities should closely monitor ongoing research and minimize residents' exposure to the risk.