Science Saturday: Quantum computing, human skeleton map, new cooling technology and high-purity graphite

Quantum computing

Quantum computing has taken one step further. A new method by U.S. researchers combines photonic devices with trapped atom arrays, allowing for innovative systems in quantum computing, networking and simulation.

This means more powerful and faster computing capabilities than traditional computers. The aim is to create large, scalable quantum systems to solve complex global problems.

Human skeleton map

Scientists at the Wellcome Sanger Institute have unveiled the first comprehensive map of human skeletal development, offering new insights into bone formation and diseases.

Using advanced genomic techniques, researchers identified the cells and pathways involved in early bone growth. The map reveals how genetic mutations contribute to conditions like joint disease, showing how early bone cell development may impact arthritis risk later in life. This resource, part of the Human Cell Atlas project, could guide the development of new treatments for skeletal conditions.

New cooling technology

A joint China-U.S. research team has developed a revolutionary cooling technology to reduce air-conditioning costs and mitigate urban heat islands.

The new radiative cooler, designed for vertical surfaces like walls, cars and textiles, outperforms traditional coolers that are effective only on horizontal surfaces. The material reflects sunlight and minimizes heat absorption, keeping surfaces up to 2.5 degrees Celsius cooler than ambient temperature under peak sunlight. This technology ensures efficient cooling on vertical surfaces, offering a sustainable solution to reduce energy use and help combat climate change.

High-purity graphite

China has achieved a breakthrough in mass-producing nearly 100 percent pure graphite.

Developed by China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, the process uses specialized horizontal purification equipment to refine graphite to over 99.999 percent purity, nearing the theoretical limit. High-purity graphite is crucial for industries like nuclear energy, semiconductors, and aerospace, due to its conductivity, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature stability. The new method not only improves purity but also reduces production costs by 60 percent.