Beijing's urban governance offers lessons for global cities' future

Editor's note: Matteo Giovannini, a special commentator on current affairs for CGTN, is a finance professional at the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, a non-resident associate fellow at the Center for China and Globalization and a member of the Global Young Leaders Dialogue. The article reflects the author's views and not necessarily those of CGTN.

From December 18 to 19, Beijing hosts the Beijing Forum on Swift Response to Public Complaints, a platform that underscores the city's commitment to addressing urban governance challenges in a rapidly urbanizing world. The forum's annual theme, "People's City, Better Future," reflects Beijing's approach to creating a city that prioritizes residents' well-being.

The release of the Beijing Declaration on Urban Governance Modernization (2024) and other documents like the Compilation of Theoretical Research Outcomes from Reform on Swift Response to Public Complaints illustrate how Beijing's governance model can serve as a blueprint for cities worldwide.

As cities face mounting pressures from housing shortages to environmental sustainability, Beijing's innovations offer practical solutions. With over half of the global population living in urban areas, Beijing's efforts demonstrate how cities can balance inclusivity, sustainability and responsiveness in their governance frameworks.

Central to Beijing's governance model is its swift complaint resolution system, a feature emphasized in the Compilation of Theoretical Research Outcomes. This system allows citizens to report issues through digital platforms, ensuring rapid responses to concerns such as infrastructure maintenance and public safety. The research compilation notes that this mechanism has improved urban efficiency while fostering trust between residents and government agencies.

The Beijing Declaration echoes this sentiment, emphasizing the importance of "proactive governance" driven by citizen demands. By addressing public concerns efficiently, Beijing exemplifies how governments can build trust and enhance urban life.

From my own experience, I've witnessed how a reported issue with public transportation in my Beijing neighborhood led to swift improvements. A bus stop had become increasingly congested due to an outdated route design, causing delays and frustration among commuters. After a few residents submitted complaints through the city's digital platform, the route was adjusted, new signs were installed and the bus schedule was optimized.

Housing affordability is a pressing issue for cities globally. Beijing's dual-track approach combines public housing projects with market-driven developments to meet the diverse needs of its residents. The Beijing Declaration highlights this strategy as a way to promote social equity, stating, "No one should be left behind and everyone must have access to a quality urban life."

By integrating public policies with private-sector innovation, Beijing ensures that urbanization does not exacerbate inequality. This balance fosters stable and inclusive communities and offers a replicable model for other cities grappling with housing shortages. I recall a conversation with a friend who moved into a newly-built public housing community. She described how the subsidized rent allowed her to save for her family's future while enjoying a safe and vibrant living environment.

Transportation is a cornerstone of urban governance and Beijing has made significant strides in creating an efficient and sustainable transit system. The city's subway network, electric buses and bike-sharing programs reduce traffic congestion and emissions. According to the Compilation of Theoretical Research Outcomes, Beijing's participatory planning process, which involves residents in shaping transit policies, has been crucial to its success.

The Beijing Declaration emphasizes sustainability in mobility, advocating for "eco-friendly transit systems" and the use of technology to optimize transportation. For global cities, Beijing's integrated approach demonstrates how to improve urban mobility while addressing environmental challenges.

One of my most memorable experiences was joining a public consultation on expanding bike lanes in my district. Residents were invited to share their perspectives and city planners incorporated much of the feedback into the final design. This participatory approach not only improved the bike network but also strengthened the community's sense of ownership over public spaces.

Beijing's integration of advanced technologies into urban management is a defining feature of its governance model. The use of big data, artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things enables real-time monitoring and rapid responses to urban challenges. For example, during a particularly rainy season, I noticed how flooding in certain areas was promptly addressed, thanks to smart drainage systems and real-time alerts.

The Beijing Declaration's call for cities to become "smarter and more adaptive" is not just rhetoric but a reflection of how Beijing's governance is evolving to meet modern challenges. By leveraging technology, China's capital city has optimized public services and fostered greater citizen engagement.

Sustainability is central to the forum. Beijing's investments in green infrastructure, renewable energy and eco-friendly designs illustrate its commitment to creating livable cities. The declaration emphasizes "harmony between humanity and nature," advocating for "low-carbon, green development" to address climate challenges.

I often jog through a park near my home that was once a neglected industrial site. Its transformation into a green oasis not only enhanced the neighborhood's livability but also demonstrated how cities can balance development with environmental preservation.

Living and working in Beijing, I have come to appreciate the city's holistic approach to governance. The principles outlined in the Beijing Declaration on Urban Governance Modernization (2024) and the findings in the research compilation are not abstract concepts but actionable strategies that improve daily life. From swift complaint resolutions to sustainable transit options, Beijing demonstrates how urban governance can prioritize public needs while fostering long-term resilience.

By adopting Beijing's principles, cities globally can navigate the complexities of urbanization while improving the quality of life for their residents. The journey toward modern urban governance is ongoing, but Beijing's efforts highlight that progress is possible through thoughtful, people-centered approaches. For cities facing 21st-century challenges, Beijing's model offers both inspiration and a practical guide for creating livable, equitable and resilient urban futures.

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