The Hetian Museum, located in Hetian City, Xinjiang, houses over 10,000 cultural relics that systematically showcase the millennia-old civilization of the southern Silk Road. Its treasures include Khotanese Buddhist sculptures, mural fragments, and musical artifacts from the Han and Tang dynasties, reflecting the ancient Kingdom of Khotan's pivotal role in Buddhism's eastward spread. Rare Kharosthi script wooden tablets, Han-era brocades, and Hetian jade carvings—such as luminous mutton-fat jade ritual objects and camel-patterned silk—vividly encapsulate the Silk Road's multicultural legacy.