Protecting the balance under their wings

Every year on April 1, International Bird Day reminds us of the vital role birds play in maintaining ecological balance. Birds contribute to ecosystem health, pest control and disease prevention.

"Birds are important for maintaining ecological balance and security, and they play significant ecological roles that ultimately benefit human well-being," noted Jia Yifei, a researcher at Beijing Forestry University's School of Ecology and Nature Conservation.

Despite their importance, birds face numerous threats. China, home to over 1,500 bird species – 13 percent of the world's total – has made significant conservation progress, but challenges remain. Habitat loss from urbanization and agriculture continues to fragment ecosystems.

Climate change disrupts migration patterns and increases extreme weather events. Pollution, illegal hunting and invasive species like smooth cordgrass further endanger bird populations.

China has taken extensive measures to protect birds, including nature reserves aimed at safeguarding migratory birds, monitoring programs and species-specific conservation actions. Public awareness campaigns and stricter law enforcement have also played a key role.

Beijing, located along the East Asian-Australasian Flyway, is home to 515 recorded bird species, making it one of the most biodiverse capitals worldwide.

Beijing's bird diversity ranks second among G20 capitals, establishing it as one of the most biodiversity-rich megacities globally. "Due to Beijing's unique geographic location and diverse habitats, it hosts a rich bird population, including resident birds, migratory birds, vagrant birds and passage migrants," Jia stated.

Conservation efforts in Beijing's wetlands and forests have helped safeguard iconic species such as the Siberian crane and the Chinese merganser.

Yet, while these measures are promising, ongoing vigilance remains necessary to ensure lasting success.

Technology is enhancing conservation efforts. AI-powered image recognition and satellite tracking provide valuable data on species identification and migration patterns. "In addition to technology and the efforts of researchers and professionals, forming a more effective synergy across society is essential for bird conservation," Jia emphasized. Automated sound recognition is also being developed to monitor biodiversity in real-time.

Beyond technology, public engagement is crucial. Strengthening laws, promoting corporate responsibility and increasing environmental education all contribute to bird conservation.

Birdwatching activities, citizen science projects and eco-friendly choices help sustain avian populations. "People can start by spending more time in nature," suggested Jia. "Participating in environmental activities organized by professional institutions or volunteering for scientific research projects can also make a difference."

Birds are integral to ecosystems and human well-being. While challenges persist, conservation efforts, technology and public participation offer hope for their future.

(Cover designed by CGTN's Yin Yating)