The Red Building, named for its red brick walls and tiled roof, is a key former site of early Communist revolutionary activities in Beijing. Once the main campus of Peking University, it witnessed pivotal events that contributed to the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC).
Prominent Communist leaders such as Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu, and Mao Zedong once worked in the building, as did Cai Yuanpei, the visionary former president of Peking University, and renowned writer Lu Xun. Together with other pioneers of the New Culture Movement, they helped to promote modern science and democracy – laying the ideological groundwork for the spread of Marxism in China and sparking the May Fourth Movement, a monumental youth movement that ignited profound social changes in the country.
As one of the earliest sites in China where Marxist thought took root, the Red Building is the birthplace of Beijing's first CPC organization. Today, it functions as a public educational center, featuring cultural relics, photographs, artwork, and immersive exhibits. New media technologies such as holograms bring to life the revolutionary fervor of early 20th-century Beijing, offering visitors a vivid encounter with the city's historical journey toward modern China.
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