The Ulan Buh Desert in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is one of China's eight major deserts and a major source of sediment for the Yellow River.

The continuous expansion of the desert poses a severe threat to food security in the Yellow River's irrigated agricultural areas.

China has been conducting systematic desert control efforts since the 1970s.

Today, a "photovoltaic Great Wall" has been built along the Yellow River, integrating desertification prevention and control with economic development.