China on Monday released a survey report on the coral reef ecosystem of Huangyan Dao, which is located in Sansha City of the southernmost Hainan Province.

The survey report showed that the average coverage rate of hermatypic corals within the Huangyan Dao National Nature Reserve has reached 38.8 percent, and the coral reef ecosystem of Huangyan Dao is generally in good condition. 

The report is based on underwater diving surveys, satellite and aerial remote sensing, combined with analyses of historical data, to assess the status of the coral reef ecosystem of Huangyan Dao. It shows that 135 species of reef-building corals have been identified, belonging to 36 genera and 13 families.

The survey also found rich diversity of coral reef fish and large benthic invertebrates. In addition, continuous and well-developed seagrass meadows are recorded in the northern part of the lagoon, covering an area of approximately 1.85 square kilometers.

A total of 94 species of wild animals under first- and second-class national protection are documented, including hawksbill sea turtles, green sea turtles, Triton's trumpets, tiger cowries, boring clams and other giant clam species.

The report notes that historical records indicate that military activities, such as bombing exercises conducted by certain countries in the waters around Huangyan Dao during the 1960s and 1970s, caused damage to the coral reef ecosystem.

Illegal fishing and frequent intrusions by certain countries in recent years have posed serious threats to the health of the Huangyan Dao ecosystem. Global climate change, including abnormally high sea surface temperatures and the impacts of tropical cyclones, has also exerted stress on the coral reef ecosystem in the region.

In addition, the report warns that outbreaks of Acanthasters pose a further risk of the coral reef degradation.

Following the establishment of the Huangyan Dao National Nature Reserve, the implementation of strict protection and management measures, together with necessary ecological restoration efforts, will help maintain and enhance the biodiversity, stability and sustainability of the coral reef ecosystem.

For more: China releases report on ecological environment of Huangyan Dao waters

(With input from Xinhua)