Minnesota leaders subpoenaed in U.S. criminal probe over opposition to immigration crackdown

The U.S. Justice Department on Tuesday subpoenaed the offices of Minnesota's governor and attorney general, and mayors of Minneapolis and St. Paul, as it weighed whether their public opposition to President Donald Trump's immigration enforcement surge in the Twin Cities amounts to a crime.

One of the jury subpoenas, shared with the media by Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey, orders his office's custodian of records to produce documents since the beginning of 2025 related to "cooperation or lack of cooperation with federal immigration authorities."

According to a Justice Department official, federal grand jury subpoenas were served on six offices of state and local Democrats, including those of Governor Tim Walz and Attorney General Keith Ellison.

Walz, Frey say public at risk

Trump, a Republican, has sent thousands of Border Patrol and Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents into the Minneapolis area in recent weeks to conduct unprecedented deportation roundups that have led to numerous violent encounters with residents.

The agents have carried rifles through the city's snowy streets, dressed in military-style camouflage, tactical gear and masks, drawing loud but mostly peaceful protests from residents.

Walz and Frey have denounced the ICE operations as reckless political theater that put the public at risk and was designed to provoke chaos that Trump would use as a pretext to exert an even greater show of force.

Although he has urged protesters to remain orderly, Walz has also openly encouraged citizens to record video of any arrests or other encounters between ICE agents and members of the public to build a database for potential "future prosecution" of wrongdoing by federal law enforcement.

Trump administration officials have accused Walz and Frey of deliberately interfering with ICE operations in "collusion" with anti-government agitators, a claim the governor denies. Justice Department officials did not immediately respond to requests for further comment.

The hostility of many residents toward the ICE crackdown has only deepened since one agent fatally shot an American woman, Renee Good, in her car nearly two weeks ago.

Federal officers have used tear gas and other chemical irritants against protesters and have drawn outrage for racially profiling Black, Latino and Asian U.S. citizens, including a man who was wrongfully arrested and pulled from his home on Sunday, dressed only in underpants and sandals.

The subpoenas arrived a few days after it became public that the U.S. Justice Department had opened a criminal investigation into Walz, Frey, and other Democrats and outspoken critics of Trump's deportation drive in Minnesota.

Walz, who unsuccessfully ran for vice president in the 2024 election that Trump won, said the federal justice system was being weaponized to intimidate Trump's political adversaries.

He has pointed to investigations opened in recent weeks against figures such as Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell, whom Trump has criticized for being too hesitant to lower interest rates, and several Democratic lawmakers who previously served in the armed forces. He also issued a video statement urging members of the military to resist illegal orders.

It would be highly unusual for federal prosecutors to bring a criminal conspiracy case based on public officials' statements about government policies.

The Justice Department has struggled in some cases to secure indictments from grand juries, an unusual rebuke given that prosecutors alone control the presentation of evidence and need only show probable cause that a crime was committed, a lower legal standard than is required to obtain a conviction at trial.

Grand juries twice rejected the DOJ's attempts to re-indict New York Attorney General Letitia James after a judge threw out a criminal case against her and refused to sign off on several cases tied to Trump's law enforcement surge in Washington last summer.

Democrats have called for calm

Democratic politicians in Minnesota have also sued the Trump administration, asking a judge last week to order an end to what they call the unconstitutional excesses of his enforcement surge.

On Friday, a federal judge in Minnesota barred immigration agents deployed en masse in the Minneapolis area from arresting, detaining, or using pepper spray and other crowd-control munitions against peaceful protesters or individuals merely observing ICE activities.

The injunction was granted in response to a lawsuit brought on behalf of a group of citizens who alleged that their constitutional rights had been infringed by federal agents.

"Minnesotans are more concerned with safety and peace rather than with baseless legal tactics aimed at intimidating public servants standing shoulder to shoulder with their community," Walz said in a statement on Friday.

In a separate statement, Frey said the federal government was trying "to intimidate local leaders for doing their jobs" and that "every American should be concerned." "We shouldn't live in a country where federal law enforcement is used to play politics or crack down on local voices they disagree with," he said.