Deborah Elms, head of trade policy at the Hinrich Foundation, said the US tariffs of 10% to 12.5% on 60 trading partners use forced labor as a convenient excuse to rebuild the tariff wall previously struck down by the Supreme Court. Imposed under Section 301 of the Trade Act, the new tariffs will replace an expiring temporary 10% duty, making them more legally durable and covering nearly 99% of US imports. She said the US is increasingly using tariffs and other trade tools to pressure its major trading partners.