Evan Osnos, a staff writer for The New Yorker, highlights China's growing investment in basic R&D and its ability to scale advanced technologies, giving the country a strong position in fields ranging from shipbuilding to electric vehicles, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells. In biopharmaceuticals, AI is helping China develop more potentially promising drug candidates, with major Western pharmaceutical companies increasingly licensing candidates from Chinese companies. Osnos argues that China's ability to overcome commercialization challenges and advance into next-generation technologies such as biotech, AI and robotics could reshape the global manufacturing landscape.