Chinese President Xi Jinping and US President Donald Trump reached eight deliverables and understandings during the former's historic state visit, agreeing to build a constructive China-US relationship of strategic stability on the basis of respect, fairness and reciprocity, a framework experts say reinforces the foundational principles guiding bilateral ties and injects badly needed certainty and stability to the world.

Three qualifiers – respect, fairness and reciprocity – were added to reinforce the new positioning of a constructive China-US relationship of strategic stability agreed by the two heads of state during their Beijing summit in May, according to Gao Fei, president of China Foreign Affairs University.

Consistent with the three principles for bilateral ties – mutual respect, peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation – previously put forward by the Chinese side, the three qualifiers are setting a direction for China-US relations at a higher level, Gao told China Media Group (CMG).

Noting that both China and the US are major countries with global responsibilities, he said the two sides can surely achieve win-win cooperation on the basis of respect, fairness and reciprocity.

Briefing reporters on Xi's state visit, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi elaborated on the meaning of respect, fairness and reciprocity in China-US ties.

Respect means respecting each other's sovereignty and territorial integrity, respecting each country's choice of social system and development path, and respecting the other side's core interests and major concerns, Wang said.

Fairness, Wang continued, means pursuing mutually beneficial cooperation and handling differences through consultation, rejecting a zero-sum game in which one side's gain comes at the expense of the other's, and not seeking unilateral absolute advantage.

Reciprocity means that the two countries are equal in sovereignty, that neither side stands above the other, that neither engages in hegemonic nor bullying behavior, that each side's concerns are addressed on an equal basis, and that cooperation across various fields develops in a balanced manner, Wang said.

Diao Daming, vice dean of the National Academy of Development and Strategy of Renmin University of China, said the enriched substance of bilateral ties marks an ongoing effort of China and the US to explore a correct way to get along in the new era.

"By pursuing the right path forward, the two major nations will not only bring tangible benefits to their peoples, but also provide a crucial anchor of certainty and stability for today's world," Diao told CMG.

On the list of the eight deliverables and understandings released by the Chinese Foreign Ministry, the two heads of state also recognized the positive role of the China-US economic and trade consultation mechanism, and endorsed the outcomes of the consultations between the two economic and trade teams.

Both sides have reached an arrangement for a $30 billion reciprocal tariff reduction, and the extension of the outcomes of economic and trade consultations in Kuala Lumpur.

Read more:

China, US reach consensus on eight outcomes from President Xi's visit

Xi's state visit leads to new progress in constructive China-US relationship of strategic stability, Chinese FM says

Gao notes that the root cause of recent frictions in ties stems from Washington's misperception of China's development, and the US side now has increasingly realized that imposing punitive tariffs will fail to suppress China or force its submission.

"Stabilizing China-US relations and avoiding a new 'Cold War' or confrontation is not only in China's interests, but also in the interests of the United States," he said.

Da Wei, director of the Center for International Security and Strategy at Tsinghua University, highlighted major outcomes on trade and artificial intelligence.

Both sides reaching an arrangement for a $30 billion reciprocal tariff reduction is a good start, Da said.

The establishment of the China-US AI dialogue and a bilateral communication channel for AI incidents is a new deliverable of especial significance, he added.

Among the eight outcomes, the fourth item said that the two heads of state recalled that China and the US were allies in World War II and fought side by side to win the war.

During Xi's visit, Trump said in a speech that "it was the United States Marines' encounter with Chinese people that inspired the Marines to adopt a Chinese phrase they still use today – gung ho."

Da said the phrase cited by Trump originates from the 1930s Gung Ho movement of industrial cooperatives during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, carrying the literal spirit of "working together."

"This shows that China and the US have been deeply intertwined, with 'you in me and I in you,' and have provided mutual support throughout history," Da told CMG.

He noted that both countries have explicitly affirmed in their lists of summit outcomes that they fought side by side as vital allies during World War II.

Framing the shared history in this way and reconnecting with it is of particular importance for China and the United States to further people-to-people and cultural exchanges going forward, said Da.

(Cover: National flags of China and the United States. /VCG)