The 2026 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to Francis Halzen "for decisive contributions to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory and the discovery of high-energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin," the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced in Stockholm, Sweden on Tuesday.

Halzen, who works at the University of Wisconsin in the United States, realized that ice at the South Pole could be used to track particles known as neutrinos, said the academy in an official announcement. His vision and scientific leadership have been "fundamental" for the observatory – a cubic kilometer of ice that is equipped with light sensors.

"Using IceCube, researchers can capture neutrinos from extremely energy-rich processes in the distant universe," the announcement added.

The prize comes with a monetary award of 12 million Swedish kronor (about $1.1 million). As the sole laureate this year, Halzen will receive the full amount.