New Zealand, located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, is an island country comprised of two large islands along with hundreds of smaller ones. Aside from its scenic landscapes, the country is also known for its rich biodiversity.

Thanks to a long period of isolation, New Zealand has developed a distinct natural environment of animals and plants. Approximately 80 percent of native plants in New Zealand are endemic. 

Here we look at some of the nation's iconic and beautiful plants.

Kauri

Kauri (Agathis australis) is a coniferous tree found in the North Island of New Zealand. It is one of the mightiest trees in the world and can reach a height of 40 to 50 meters. The antecedents of the kauri appeared between 190 and 135 million years ago, making the species among the most ancient trees on earth.

In olden days, the Maori used kauri trees to build houses and boats. Today, the kauri is considered as an effective long-term carbon sink.

Silver fern

Silver fern (Cyathea dealbata) is a species of medium-sized tree fern that is commonly employed as a symbol of New Zealand. It is characterized by its fronds that have a silver coloration on the undersides. The plant lives on the main islands of New Zealand and can grow to 10 meters or more.

Kōwhai

Kōwhai, which means yellow in Maori language, is one of the most well-known plants in New Zealand. Eight species of kōwhai grow throughout the country. The blooms of kōwhai are very identical and are regarded as a symbol of New Zealand. Many birds including tui and bellbird are very attracted to the nectar of kōwhai.

Cabbage tree

Cabbage tree (Cordyline australis), also known as cabbage palm, is one of the most distinct trees endemic to New Zealand. It grows throughout the country and can reach a height of 20 meters. Their sweetly perfumed flowers bloom in spring as well as early summer and attract a number of insects. Its fruits are delicacies to local birds such as the New Zealand pigeon.

Various parts of cabbage trees are used by the Maori to treat cuts and diseases. The rubbed leaves are applied directly to cuts. The boiled shoots are used to cure stomach pains.

Manuka

Manuka (Leptospermum scoparium), also called New Zealand tea tree, is a flowering evergreen plant that can be found all over New Zealand. It can grow up to 15 meters. The flowers are usually white, sometimes are pink.

Manuka honey is quite famous across the world, produced when honeybees gather the nectar from Manuka flowers. 

(Cover images via VCG)

(If you want to contribute and have specific expertise, please contact us at nature@cgtn.com.)