The harm from oil pollution depends on a number of factors, including how much is spilled, the type of oil, sea conditions, and so on. Let's take a look at some oil spill cases in the past.
The Atlantic Empress and Aegean Captain collided off Trinidad and Tobago in 1979. The Atlantic Empress exploded and 26 crew members died. A record 90 million gallons of oil spilled from the ship, but very little oil ever reached the coastline.
By comparison, the Exxon Valdez spilled 11 million gallons of oil into Alaska's Prince William Sound in 1989. But that oil spill resulted in a major environmental disaster.
In 1991, the ABT Summer spilled about 80 million gallons of oil off the coast of Angola. That oil eventually spread over 200 square kilometers.
In 1967, the Torrey Canyon hit a reef near Cornwall England. 36 million gallons of crude oil was spilled, and almost 320 kilometers of coastline was affected.