Although facing some challenges, the climate change conference in Bonn has become an important intermediate step between conferences in Paris 2015 and Poland next year. Some delegates are positive that goals set in the meeting can be fully completed by the deadline in 2018. Our correspondent Natalie Carney has been following this event and filed this report from Bonn, Germany.

Negotiations lasted late into the night on the final day of talks as delegates struggled to resolve a number of contentious issues, including the funding for adaptation projects, the design of pre 2020 climate action and Turkey's demand for climate finance. Turkey has threatened to withdraw from the Paris agreement if it did not receive funding promised to developing nations.

TURKISH DELEGATE "During the meetings we clearly expressed our views, but we couldn't get any concrete reasoning behind this opposition. Distinguished colleagues, our issues still exist and we won't stop urging all to solve this at the moment. The situation we are in is unfair and very far from equal."

Yet, delegates say progress had been made on several key issues of the "rulebook" for implementation of the 2015 Paris climate agreement. Detailed documents have been drafted by the technical negotiators, which include aspects such as the way countries calculate their emissions baseline and measure their process. Germany's Environmental minister says COP23 has fulfilled all expectations.

BARBARA HENDRICKS GERMAN ENVIRONMENT MINISTER "We always knew we wouldn't have an agreement in Bonn like we did in Paris. Here it was about making an important intermediate step for implementing the Paris agreement. I am confident that we will succeed, especially for the rule book and for the adaptation fund."

The small island nation of Fiji, at the forefront of global warming, has been presiding over the two-weeks of negotiations.

FRANK BAINIMARAMA COP23 PRESIDENT "We are making good progress on the Paris agreement work programme, and we are on track to complete that work by the deadline."

That deadline is COP24 in Poland next year. Further low-level talks will take place to cement the draft developed in Bonn. Meanwhile, the official presence of the United States, who were instrumental in the 2015 Paris talks, was overshadowed this year by an alternative delegation; The U.S. Climate Action, a coalition of political and non-political leaders opposed to the Trump administration's withdrawal from the global climate change pledge.

NATALIE CARNEY BONN GERMANY "With or without the United States by its side, signatories of the Paris agreement have shown commitment to the cause. Yet, some have also been accused of backpedaling. Environmental groups are concerned that the ambitious language used by some of Europe's top leaders are not being matched by action."

Despite calling on global leaders to act on climate change, German chancellor Angel Merkel has angered many by refusing to set a deadline for her own country's exit from coal production. This, as more than 20 others countries joined together to form the Powering Past Coal coalition at COP23 in an effort to direct the rest of the world away from the fossil fuel. Their goal is to have 50 countries signed up by the next UN Climate change meeting in Katowice, Poland in December 2018. Natalie Carney CGTN Bonn, Germany.