Despite China being the second largest film market in terms of box office revenue, Chinese films have long struggled to strike a chord with international moviegoers. However, as early as the 1950s, Chinese productions have been competing with blockbuster hits at the Cannes International Film Festival. 

Perhaps to the surprise of some, Chinese films have done quite well.

 "Dang Fa and Saintess," a drama film by acclaimed Taiwan director Tian Chen (田琛), was the first Chinese film to compete for the Palme d'Or in Cannes in 1959. Later, many classic Chinese films like "The Enchanting Shadow" in 1960, "The Magnificent Concubine" two years later, and "Empress Wu" in 1963, made their debut at the festival. "The Magnificent Concubine" was the first Chinese film to win an award at Cannes. 

One of the biggest hits to come out of China and impress the global audience was Chinese martial arts film "A Touch of Zen," which won the Technical Grande Prize in 1975. It was China's first production to gain recognition at the 28th Cannes Film Festival.

But it was not until 1982, when "The True Story of Ah Q" screened in Cannes, that the first Chinese mainland film officially took part in the festival.

"Farewell My Concubine" by renowned Chinese director Chen Kaige won the Palme d'Or Prize in 1993. The film spans 53 years, presenting the lives of two men against the historical backdrop of a country in upheaval. It is about the story of Dieyi and Xiaolou, and how their lives are affected by the Japanese invasion of China in the 1930s and the victory of the Communists in 1949.

Over 40 Chinese films have competed for awards in Cannes since the film festival was founded in 1939.